It is precisely because of the deficiencies in the sensor industry that the Internet of Things has not brought about the expected changes.
Wave your hand to mute your phone, or use your finger to brush your text on your wrist, or switch your app... When this intuitive gesture user interface enters our daily lives, we will quickly forget about it. Imagine a tiny ultrasonic sensor working hard in a corner of the room, or somewhere in your body, from the lazy air molecules around it, from the ultrasound spectrum that is not used around us. Extract useful information.
If the Internet of Things will connect tens of billions of smart devices, perhaps by 2020, we can interact with the world in a way that is better than voice and touch. The reason why intelligent equipment is advanced is that it cannot be separated from its basic sensory equipment - the rapid development of sensors.
As early as 2009, former Premier Wen Jiabao listened to the report on the development and application of China's sensor network in Wuxi and proposed to develop our own “perceived Chinaâ€. After seven years of development, high-end sensor technology is not enough, it is still the bottleneck of the development of the Internet of Things.
At present, the four application areas of sensors are industrial, automotive electronics, communication electronics, and consumer electronics. Among them, sensors for industrial and automotive electronics account for about 42% in China, and the fastest growing is that automotive electronics and communication electronics applications are often seen from the Global Sensors and Intelligent Development Summit held on December 2nd. Innovative applications of sensors in medical, environmental monitoring, oil and gas pipelines, smart grids, and wearable devices will become new hot spots, and it is expected to create more market demand in the future. The driving force of the market is also the driving force for continuous technological change and progress.
Rapid development and huge potentialA sensor is a device or device that is capable of sensing a specified physical quantity and converting it into an available output signal according to a certain law (the mathematical function rule). "Sensor is the important hardware for the device to feel the external environment. It determines the ability of the equipment to interact with the external environment. It is the hardware foundation of the intelligent device. Especially in many smart devices, the sensor determines the core competence of the device." Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Tsinghua University The vice president of the university, Ju Zheng, said, "The innovative development of sensors is the key to the development of information technology under the national innovation-driven development strategy."
Everything is interconnected and sensing has become the industry consensus. According to Qi Yuepeng, director of the Kunshan Branch of the Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, sensors can be classified into force sensors, thermal sensors, humidity sensors, magnetic sensors, gas sensors, accelerometers, and biosensors. The development and innovation of domestic sensor technology focuses on three aspects: material, structure and performance improvement: sensitive materials develop from liquid to semi-solid and solid state; structure develops toward miniaturization, integration, modularization and intelligence; The detection range is wide, the detection precision is high, the anti-interference ability is strong, the performance is stable, and the life span is long-term development.
The development of Internet of Things technology has put forward new requirements for traditional sensing technology. Products are gradually moving to micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, wireless data transmission technology, infrared technology, new material technology, nanotechnology, ceramic technology, and thin film technology. , fiber technology, laser technology, composite sensor technology, multi-disciplinary cross-integration development.
The global sensor market extended to more than 70 billion US dollars in 2015, of which China exceeded 100 billion yuan. Ye Tianchun, director of the Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Internet of Things Research and Development Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that the growth rate of China's sensor market is over 15%. Has great growth potential.
"At present, domestic sensors are divided into 10 categories, 24 categories, and more than 6,000 varieties, while the United States has about 17,000 sensors. Foreign companies such as Siemens, Honeywell, and Omron have a large share, although domestic manufacturers have Great development, but far from being able to keep up with the requirements of the situation." Yan Yuepeng pointed out that China's sensor technology level and number of types are far from the technologically advanced countries.
Technological innovation, cost reductionWith the technological advancement of MEMS, laser technology, high-tech materials, etc., the development of sensors is diversified. Some use biomaterials to simulate human skin and innovate the touch of sensors. Some use MEMS technology to develop miniature intelligent sensors. Conducive to the integration of complex systems; some use high-precision laser technology to create a laser radar, which will help the system to sense the surrounding obstacles and the environment in real time.
Zhang Jingyang, founder of Moore Elite, pointed out in the article that overall, the sensor development process has a two-stage trend. One is technological innovation, developing new products based on unmet needs. In the first phase, the direction of sensor R&D innovation stems from the demand for smart equipment and innovative equipment, and R&D personnel innovate new sensors according to their needs. Second, the cost is reduced, the application is implemented, and the product gradually meets the industrialization needs. In the process of research and development in the second phase, in order to meet people's demand for industrial application of intelligent equipment, researchers turned from attention to technology development to attention to cost reduction, in order to realize mass production of sensors and industrial application of intelligent equipment. Vision.
In July this year, the first domestic “silicon-based MEMS pilot foundry platform†completed by Tsinghua University, Zibo High-tech Zone MEMS Research Institute and Guogao (Zibo) Microsystem Technology Co., Ltd. reached the international advanced level, indicating the new sensor industry. The pace of development has accelerated.
"MEMS is a hot spot in the world's manufacturing industry. MEMS has its advantages in miniaturization, accelerometers, gyroscopes, optical MEMS, image sensors, etc., and is represented in the military field and by automobiles, electronics, and home appliances. The civil industry has a very broad application prospect." The special administration that participated in the above project said.
“The development of sensor industry is closely related to the development of regional industry. Because each region has different industrial advantages, it has its own development strategy in the process of transformation and upgrading and industrial restructuring.†Juzhen pointed out that “from the perspective of Chinese research institutes, There are three aspects of policy formulation, facing the world science and technology frontier, facing the country's major needs, and facing the national economy. The main idea is to closely integrate with the local economy. According to the regional economic development plan, promote research institutions and innovative enterprises at home and abroad. Go to the right area to develop."
System traction, meeting the challengeAlthough China's sensor industry has gradually moved from imitation and introduction to independent design and innovation development, there are still many challenges in China: high-end core technology is not mastered, high-end talent is insufficient, and automation, scale and production capacity of production, packaging and testing are low. Lack of leading enterprises and low sensitivity to new technologies, new products and new applications.
Yan Yuepeng pointed out: "The sensor industry is easy to get started, but it is difficult to form large-volume products. Sensor manufacturers with real development examples are inseparable from product design, core chips, signal processing software algorithms, package testing techniques and processes, and because of sensors. There are many types and a wide range of applications. Domestic manufacturers only pay attention to their own markets and products. In the absence of core technology, they have no confidence to seize the rival market and are even more unintentional in exploring new products and applications.
It is precisely because of the many shortcomings in the sensor industry that the “Perception of China†has been proposed for seven years, and the Internet of Things has not brought about the expected changes. “Every type of sensor has a long period of time from being discovered to entering the industry for a large-scale application, which basically takes 15 to 35 years.†You Zheng believes that the reason for the long conversion time is because the sensor is to constantly innovate to gain competitiveness. . He believes that "the sensor should be based on the system to improve competitiveness, the signal processing and transmission of the sensor should be done together, the system should be traction, from tracking the imitation, laying the foundation to the later demand side to propose the system demand traction industry development ."
"Whether it is the integrated innovation advocated by China or the building-type innovation proposed by foreign countries, the premise is that the foundation is better. What should China do when the economic speed slows down?" Youzheng agrees to the hardware equipment, such as sensors and other components. Focus on development, "to make the basic industry better."
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