According to the consulting report of Mymes, over the past decade, smart technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) have experienced remarkable progress and have had a tremendous impact on industry and people’s daily lives. This is largely due to More sophisticated sensors are evolving. Today, electronic sensors and detectors have achieved unprecedented automation in the automotive, manufacturing equipment, consumer products and home. The popularity of mobile devices and their associated computing capabilities, specialized applications, and intangible interconnections are driving consumer demand for more integrated and smarter electronic products to make all aspects of their daily lives more automated.
IoT is driving the rapid growth of smart home technology, and requires smarter infrared sensor technology to support the growing smart home Internet innovation (Source: Excelitas Technologies)
In order to stimulate consumer demand, rapid innovation has brought a new generation of smart devices that can quickly and automatically handle daily operations. At the same time, these devices can enable, disable, and pre-program various functions with the help of ever-growing interface technologies. The more complex and automated the function, the more the electronic device is required to obtain more sense data from its operating environment, such as temperature, motion, and personnel presence, and run and interact with the data.
Infrared detection
For example, air-conditioning and heating systems are the most power-consuming part of home electricity. Intelligent thermostats using infrared sensors can be controlled based on human movement and presence, to save energy and keep the temperature comfortable. Advanced HVAC systems can use infrared sensors to scan rooms, generate heat maps and control air temperature. Infrared sensors automatically activate and control the thermostat by providing real-time environmental essential information. By providing detailed heat information for the room, even the heat of the sunlight that penetrates the windows can be included to accurately calculate the room's hot and cold needs.
Motion detection is a key component of smart home products and systems (Source: Excelitas Technologies)
Infrared thermal sensors are particularly suitable for human-machine interface applications due to their versatility, their ease of integration, their relatively low cost, and their sensitivity to human calories. Major advances in infrared sensing technology help simplify system integration to meet the high competitiveness and rapid time-to-market required for consumer products.
Infrared motion thermal detection is an important part of sensor technology in intrusion alarms and home security systems (Source: Excelitas Technologies)
With the expansion of product applications, in order to meet the growing perceived demand of smart devices, many urgent needs have been raised, including miniaturization, software control flexibility, energy efficiency, enhanced sensitivity, and easy integration of product design. In many cases, these improvements can interact and promote each other.
miniaturization
Consumer demand tends to continue iterating with more compact and convenient smart devices, namely smaller size and lower presence. Therefore, as smart technologies become more and more practical in homes and personal devices, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are looking for ways to encapsulate more technologies and functions in smaller devices. This means that smaller sensor elements and designs that are both compact and practical enough are needed so that the intelligent system itself is virtually invisible to us. Its goal is to save space as much as possible, integrating as many devices as possible into its application environment. Compared with conventional integrated-lens transistor package (TO package) designs, Excelitas' SMD (surface mount device) infrared heat detectors and other new packages can be significantly reduced in size, resulting in improved space efficiency.
The SMD package supports machine assembly production and is therefore more suitable for efficient production lines that meet the needs of the rapidly growing consumer segment.
SMD-packaged sensors are smaller in size and therefore can accommodate more micro-sensors per square millimeter to support increasingly compact electronic host device designs. Consistent with the smaller size is the need to shrink the optical system to make it as small as possible. Fresnel plastic lenses traditionally used to provide the performance needed for remote detection applications are quite large. In order to reduce these lenses to achieve a micro-size device, the infrared sensor must be compensated with higher sensitivity.
Advances and developments in the design of proprietary sensor substrates are significantly increasing sensor area, which means increased sensitivity (eg, faster triggering of weaker event signals) and extension of the effective sensing range. Today's latest SMD sensor designs are fully capable of performing event detection within three meters without the need for bulky magnifiers or windows, further enhancing space efficiency in host system design.
Improved signal processing
Miniaturization, enhanced sensor flexibility, and software control capabilities promote space utilization and versatility in smart product design. The signal processing of advanced application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and improved digital infrared sensor technology now enables infrared sensors to monitor and detect multiple factors and distinguish between motion detection events and presence monitoring. This can simplify the ability to use various types of sensor points in the host system grid network and pass dedicated data from different locations to the central control area of ​​the host system.
For example, in a smart home HVAC control system, the sensor network can activate the system from "standby" mode by detecting human entry, monitoring the presence or absence of humans in a specific activation area, and when people enter the smart home. In other areas, movements were detected, and the entire family’s ambient temperature was finally monitored/reported, and the effects of variables such as moving the sun, falling night, or weather fluctuations were all taken into account. It is the integration of such networks that will continue to promote the development of digital sensors and expand the application of infrared sensing technology in the consumer field.
Extended power efficiency
Optimizing the sensor's energy requirements will not only extend the useful life of the remote and mobile smart devices, but it will also reduce the size of the devices by significantly reducing power requirements. Lithium-ion batteries have greatly improved the mobility of the device. The first was the use of small, highly efficient rechargeable batteries for smart phones. Currently, other products such as electric vehicles and electric bicycles are on the market. In home appliances, lithium battery-driven smart products and systems are reducing the need for hard-wired facilities. Light switches, telephones, doorbells, and Internet Protocol (IP) cameras are just a few examples.
Excelitas' low-power DigiPyro 1500 Series sensors have been enhanced to run on 1.8-volt power supplies to extend field life and reduce power requirements for smart homes and portable electronic devices, increasing space efficiency (Source: Excelitas Technologies)
For these devices, the run-time before charging becomes an important indicator. For example, an IP camera can be installed in a location that does not affect the user's daily charging. This allows lithium batteries to provide battery runtime for months or years. In order for battery-powered devices to take full advantage of low voltage, many microprocessors now support 1.8-volt operation. Low current consumption can reduce the overall power budget and thus enable long-term operation. This requires the development of new sensors that “support 1.8-volt operation and require less current†and have only recently made breakthroughs in this technology.
Higher sensitivity
An important aspect of power supply efficiency and performance is the ability of the passive sensor to operate in "sleep" mode. Not only does it require the lowest possible power consumption in standby mode, it also requires a lightning fast wake-up function to activate the host smart device.
For example, for a security or home surveillance camera, this can make the effect of the application very different - for example, the camera can be set to "wake up" from standby mode, and quickly auto-focus to capture meaningful motion images within the field of view . Since the device uses full power only when the presence of a person is detected, this can both extend the life of the device and reduce the energy required for the device.
Even when the device is in sleep mode, accurate sensitivity is required to achieve the necessary wake-up and fast activation. Typically, these applications use pyroelectric detectors and sensors. They provide high sensitivity and high frequency response for remote motion detection. The motion signal is directly transmitted to the microprocessor for the best response and sensitivity, and can then be processed with a software program based on environmental conditions and settings.
The smart product sector is fast and changeable. The ability of OEMs to develop and launch products in a short period of time has a great influence on the success or failure of products.
OEM design engineers need easy-to-integrate sensors to achieve shorter product design cycles. Development time can be integrated by using electronic devices with off-the-shelf design modules. Since most electronic devices today are focused on digital technology, digital technology is the best. This means that a variety of sensors need to be digitized and able to communicate with the surrounding electronic devices.
In daily life, smart devices will continue to grow and gain more and more roles. Battery-operated switches, IP cameras, and security lights increase the overall safety and convenience of living and working environments while also increasing energy efficiency. When connecting through IoT, the entire performance will become more intelligent and convenient.
More importantly, adaptation based on the presence and movement will become a commodity. The more complex interactive requirements in new applications will drive the continued development of various technologies including the above-mentioned sensor technology innovations. Sensors, especially infrared sensors, will undoubtedly continue to play a key role in the technical support of IoT and smart products.
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