In the difference between the cone cells used to distinguish colors in our eyes, the cone cells recognize the universal color through the perception of the three primary colors, and how is the recognition in the machine?
We look at the world like this
People know that it takes three steps to put an elephant in the refrigerator, and the human eye can put the world into the brain in three steps: eye
The ball senses the image (the sensor collects and converts it into a digital signal) - the signal is transmitted to the brain (the signal is transmitted to the processor through the communication system) - the brain processes and stores (the processor is converted into a screen that can be displayed and stored) format).
Therefore, the image format that the human eye begins to see is transformed from an optical signal into an electrical signal and a chemical signal in the nerve.
The style is different!
The machine is also to be converted.
1.1 The format in the brain - RGB image formatFirst of all, the screen is composed of pixels, and the brilliant colors are only from the three primary colors of red, green and blue. The representation of this color is called RGB color. Spatial representation (it is also one of the most used color space representations in multimedia computer technology), as shown in the following figure:
According to the principle of three primary colors, any color light F can be added and mixed with different components of R, G, and B. Such as
Equation 1 is shown.
White light is a mixture of multiple lights, so when the three primary color coefficient is the largest, it is white, and when it is zero, it is black, and between the two.
It is the world of color.
Each pixel is like a paint box. The larger the box, the more colors it has, the color that this pixel can express.
The color is richer, and the size of this box is called storage space in the computer. The way of coloring is to change the content of the three primary colors. The lower the table below, the larger the storage space required, but the color that each pixel can describe. The more accurate, the more realistic the screen will be.
The common format of RGB is shown in Table 1. It is not necessary to look at it in detail.
Compared to RGB video signal transmission, the biggest advantage of YUV is that it requires very little bandwidth (RGB requires three independent
The vertical video signal is transmitted at the same time. The difference between the two formats and the bandwidth occupancy is as shown in the figure below. The bandwidth occupied by RGB is much larger.
So when we store it, we need to use the brightness signal Y and two to save space (stolen work?)
The color difference signals R-Y (red-brightness, ie U) and B-Y (blue-brightness, ie, V) are respectively encoded, and then sent out to the display terminal and then converted back to the RGB format. The so-called YUV color space representation.
At this time, you may ask "Hey, G (green) where to go", in fact, the two colors plus brightness can also roughly express the original color through the algorithm (surely cut corners), so even if it is merged into R and B.
Is it just to save bandwidth, so we have chosen the YUV format without hesitation?
of course not! Ok, although low bandwidth is also important.
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