LED is known as the fourth generation light source, and has the characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection, safety, long life, low power consumption, low heat, high brightness, waterproof, miniature, shockproof, easy dimming, beam concentration, easy maintenance, etc., and can be widely used Various directions, displays, decorations, backlights, general lighting and other fields. With the widespread use of LEDs and technological innovations and innovations, LEDs on the market today, in addition to the original LEDs, also separate ULEDs, OLEDs, and QLEDs. 
LED means a light emitting diode and a diode made of a compound containing gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), silicon (Si), and the like. (The gallium arsenide diode emits red light, the gallium phosphide diode emits green light, the silicon carbide diode emits yellow light, and the gallium nitride diode emits blue light.)
LED Advantages: High electro-optical conversion efficiency (close to 60%, green, long life (up to 100,000 hours), low operating voltage (about 3V), repeated switch lossless life, small size, low heat, high brightness, rugged, Easy to adjust the light, color diversity, beam concentration and stability, start without delay;
Disadvantages of LEDs: high initial cost, poor color rendering, low efficiency of high-power LEDs, constant-current driving (required for dedicated driver circuits).
In contrast, various traditional lightings have certain flaws.
Disadvantages of LEDs: high initial cost, poor color rendering, low efficiency of high-power LEDs, constant-current driving (required for dedicated driver circuits).
In contrast, various traditional lightings have certain flaws.
Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display technology has self-luminous characteristics, using a very thin organic material coating and a glass substrate. When an electric current passes through, these organic materials emit light, and the OLED display The screen has a large viewing angle and can save energy. Due to simultaneous self-emission, no backlight source, high contrast, thin thickness, wide viewing angle, fast response, flexibility for use in panels, wide operating temperature range, and simple construction and process are considered to be advantageous. A generation of flat panel displays.
Advantages and disadvantages of PMOLED Advantages: The process is simpler and simpler than AM_OLED.
Disadvantages: It is difficult to make large size. In order to maintain the brightness of the entire panel, the brightness of each pixel needs to be increased to increase the operating current, which will reduce the lifetime of the OLED device.
Current Drive is not easy to control.
Advantages and disadvantages of AMOLED Advantages: Large size, relatively low power consumption, high resolution, longer panel life, and simple design of Data Driver.
Disadvantages: The process is more complex and TFT has higher variability.
Advantages and disadvantages of PMOLED Advantages: The process is simpler and simpler than AM_OLED.
Disadvantages: It is difficult to make large size. In order to maintain the brightness of the entire panel, the brightness of each pixel needs to be increased to increase the operating current, which will reduce the lifetime of the OLED device.
Current Drive is not easy to control.
Advantages and disadvantages of AMOLED Advantages: Large size, relatively low power consumption, high resolution, longer panel life, and simple design of Data Driver.
Disadvantages: The process is more complex and TFT has higher variability.
QLED is a new type of light-emitting technology and is also a new type of semiconductor electro-optical and light-to-light conversion material.
For light source technology, the application of QLEDs is similar to that of phosphors and is an indirect light source conversion material. The QLED itself is a semiconductor crystal with a structure size below 10 nanometers (a thumb-sized area can accommodate billions and billions of QLED crystals). The main components of traditional QLED semiconductor crystals are zinc, cadmium, selenium and sulfur. Currently, QLED materials without cadmium have also been studied.
For light source technology, the application of QLEDs is similar to that of phosphors and is an indirect light source conversion material. The QLED itself is a semiconductor crystal with a structure size below 10 nanometers (a thumb-sized area can accommodate billions and billions of QLED crystals). The main components of traditional QLED semiconductor crystals are zinc, cadmium, selenium and sulfur. Currently, QLED materials without cadmium have also been studied.
The physical properties of QLEDs are mainly reflected in the conversion of electrical energy or light energy into light of the desired wavelength and color. Among them, the conversion based on electric energy is called electroluminescence QLED, and the conversion based on light energy is called photoluminescence QLED. The two types of QLEDs can be further categorized according to the wavelength of the converted light target (for example, red or green).
In terms of application, QLEDs can replace many of the functions of conventional phosphors, and they have the significant advantages of high conversion efficiency and high purity of light. Since 2010, the application of QLED materials to light sources and display devices has become an important direction for many materials, optics, and display equipment companies, and has begun to be practical.
In terms of application, QLEDs can replace many of the functions of conventional phosphors, and they have the significant advantages of high conversion efficiency and high purity of light. Since 2010, the application of QLED materials to light sources and display devices has become an important direction for many materials, optics, and display equipment companies, and has begun to be practical.
ULED's U series is an acronym for Ultra, meaning extreme, ultra-high, meaning a better LED. ULED TV application of new backlight technology, and OLED self-luminous principle is different, Hisense ULED application of new backlight technology to improve the innovation of LED liquid crystal display, in the image color saturation, contrast performance and OLED comparable, in image brightness, technology maturity Obvious advantages over OLED. Simply put, the color is richer, darker and lighter colors are more distinct and more layered.
1. Quantum dot light-emitting diodes can be produced commercially and can compete with organic light-emitting displays (OLEDs). When manufacturing OLEDs, a “shadow mask†is required. When the screen size becomes larger, the shadow mask plate is prone to heat. Swelling and shrinking will make the colors inaccurate.
2. The QLED's manufacturing process does not require the use of a shadow mask, so there is no problem of reduced accuracy. Quantum dots can also be hovered in liquids and deposited using a variety of techniques, including inkjet printing on very thin, flexible, or transparent substrates.
3, OLED there is a lack of solid color can use color filters to produce, and QLED can produce a variety of different solid colors from the beginning, but also in the electronic conversion into photons is better than OLED, so higher energy efficiency, manufacturing costs low.
4, under the same picture quality, QLED energy-saving performance is expected to reach OLED screen twice, the luminous rate will increase 30% to 40%. At the same time QLEDs can achieve the same stability and reliability as inorganic semiconductor materials.
2. The QLED's manufacturing process does not require the use of a shadow mask, so there is no problem of reduced accuracy. Quantum dots can also be hovered in liquids and deposited using a variety of techniques, including inkjet printing on very thin, flexible, or transparent substrates.
3, OLED there is a lack of solid color can use color filters to produce, and QLED can produce a variety of different solid colors from the beginning, but also in the electronic conversion into photons is better than OLED, so higher energy efficiency, manufacturing costs low.
4, under the same picture quality, QLED energy-saving performance is expected to reach OLED screen twice, the luminous rate will increase 30% to 40%. At the same time QLEDs can achieve the same stability and reliability as inorganic semiconductor materials.
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Solar water heating system is a cost-effective system for residential hot water application. This system is designed according to thermosiphon principle and operating with proportion difference between cold and hot water. The water heated by vacuum tubes is held in the stainless steel storage tank where the insulation preserves the heat.
The thermosiphon Solar Water Heater uses the sun to heat the working fluid (mostly water) in the Vacuum Tubes. The Solar Collector absorbs solar radiation, and converts the sunlight to heat and transfer it to the water. The heated water naturally rises through the solar collector into the water tank where the cooler water at the bottom of the tank is forced out and descends to the bottom of the collector (thermosiphon circulation). The circulation will be interrupted when there is no solar radiation.
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