Design considerations
After long-term deployment of smart meters (automatic meter reading infrastructure), a two-way back-and-forth communication will be established between the utility and consumers. Consumers will obtain new sources of information directly through smart meters or through some form of energy gateway. This information will be fully utilized, and consumers will be signaled by means of communication with the home energy display device (IHD).
Household energy display devices enable utility customers to track their energy usage in charts or graphs based on the kilowatt hours used. It provides most types of energy-aware information that customers need: total energy consumption, real-time pricing, comparative analysis with general energy usage, etc.
IHD is actually a portable or wall-mounted display (suitable for new houses), which can communicate with practical meters (electricity, gas, water) and other household equipment-enabled communication methods (such as using ZigBee, wireless MBus) . When ZigBee is enabled, it can be set to act as a coordinator or router. These communication functions enable it to receive real-time customized information from utility companies regarding billing, energy prices, etc.
Common wireless communications are ZigBee (802.15.4 2.4GHz, commonly used in the United States) or wireless MBus (below 1GHz, more commonly used in Europe). This type of communication can be enabled through a system-on-chip (MCU and transceiver), or it can be formed by an MCU running another configuration file stack (connected to the connected radio transceiver), depending on the system topology. In both cases, the hardware and software involved can be provided by the Texas Instruments (TI) and TI Developer Network. High-end IHD can also use the currently available WIFI technology.
Various types of IHD will be different from each other due to optional graphics and information functions, which will naturally lead users to choose different embedded processors:
The cost-optimized IHD, such as MSP430, is usually used as the main processor: it is designed for ultra-long-lasting battery power, and it perfectly optimizes the flash memory, processing power, and low power consumption. Its integration allows easy connection with communication modules (using SPI's UART) or RF transceivers. Some members of this series of products can drive segmented LCDs through on-chip LCD drivers and provide on-chip analog-to-digital converters; they can be used to implement touch screen functions when a display with integrated controller is not used. In addition, various input / outputs can be programmed to implement button options. For solutions below 1GHz, the integration can be further optimized with CC430, combining MSP430 and transceivers below 1GHz in a low-power RF system-on-chip, without the need for an LCD segment controller. In order to obtain ultra-low standby current to maximize the life of lithium-ion batteries, TI provides LDO linear regulators, standby current as low as 0.5μA. For ultra-low input voltages, TI provides buck / boost DC / DC regulators, which are ideal for powering MCUs from batteries (including 1 to 3 alkaline, nickel-cadmium, or nickel-metal hydride batteries). From a battery with a voltage as low as 0.7V to power the MCU, coupled with high efficiency, these voltage regulators can extend the battery charging time, thereby increasing the application runtime.
Mid-range IHD-If higher processing power is required, and if developers are looking for more advanced graphics libraries, the TI Stellaris Cortex M3 microprocessor product line offers a large number of pin-to-pin memory options, interface options, and encryption solutions, It is your best choice. This series of products is equipped with an embedded graphics library, provided by Stellaris Ware Software. TI can provide optimized products to power Stellaris MCU systems based on system limitations such as limited cost or the highest efficiency requirements, including high input voltage regulators that can power MCUs using standard 24V DC lines, which are commonly used in residential doorbells and security system.
High-end IHD-In order to support more interactive options that require operating systems such as Linux, factors such as processing power and interfaces will lead users to choose an ARM9 Sitara microprocessor, such as AM1808. The MPU provides a fully integrated LCD controller unit and various software libraries for implementation. To achieve a certain power, these devices require a 1.2V regulated core, 1.8 V and 3.3V. In addition, the sequencing power supply structure is becoming a common configuration for high-performance DSP systems. USB ports can also be found on high-end displays that are mainly used for charging or uploading multimedia content. TI provides a complete low-cost, integrated power management solution for these types of high-power multi-rail systems.
Integrated Electromagnetic Flowmeter
Integrated Electromagnetic Flowmeter means the flowmeter sensor and converter are integrated in the site and all data can be read directly.
The shortcoming is can not be protected well and converter easily damaged. So when installing, user must consider the site condition, and try to aviod heavy moisture or possibly be hit, so that the life and accuracy may be guaranteed.
Integrated Electromagnetic Flow Meter,Integrated Flow Meter,Fire Fighting Flowmeter,Carbon Steel Fire Fighting Flowmeter
Kaifeng Chuangxin Measurement & Control Instrument Co., Ltd. , https://www.kfcxflowmeter.com