Some interesting problems with power factor around us - Solutions - Huaqiang

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1. Regarding the "power factor lead" problem often seen on the Internet, I have always been confused. I originally thought that it was the lead relationship between the current and the voltage of the load, and found that it was not the only one. The correct explanation is that the motor is incorporated into the capacitor, which produces capacitive reactive Qc, which can compensate for inductive reactive power. When QL=Qc, the power factor COSΦ=W/S=1 (S represents apparent power), that is, the reactive power absorbed from the power system is equal to zero. When Qc>QL, the power factor is ahead.
In this way, in practice, there will be such a situation: during the day, more electricity, QL is large, the voltage is low, Qc is generally not enough; and at night, less electricity, system load is small, the voltage is high, and the user compensation capacitor is not cut off. Qc>QL is the “power factor ahead” mentioned above. The reactive power is sent out, and the voltage is “high and high”, which will damage the entire power grid. So when I see the Internet, there is always someone saying “can’t let the power factor lead” . That is to say, "advance" is "over-compensation", that is to say, in the daytime, you have to be ahead of the people, the system is in need, and in the evening, the electrician will "punish".
Another problem brought by "advance" is that in the case of a certain circuit, the power factor lead or lag will increase the current when the active power is the same, thereby increasing the loss of the transmission line, and the power factor is ahead of time. Magnetic action may increase the output voltage of the transformer, so that "advance" is still harmful.
2. The problem caused by the above "compensation" made me understand that the Electricity Law is not as simple as I thought. In the past, I thought that this law was only aimed at stealing electricity. In fact, it is complicated. The situation is that “advance” means over-compensation. This is to help the power supply bureau to compensate the power supply system. However, Compensation will instead cause the power supply bureau to punish the relevant responsible person. This is a law that can be relied upon. The Electricity Law can be said to be a very professional and extremely rigorous law.
3. In the past, I have never understood the meaning of the power factor indicated by the UPS used in the computer. Of course, the higher the UPS is than the storage energy, the better it is. It is related to its power factor. In fact, power factor is the most critical factor today. In fact, the emergency light used in the bedroom involves the power factor, but it is not stated on the package.
4. A lot of electrical appliances are involved in power factor problems, such as refrigerators, its power factor is high, but that does not mean that it must save power, because it has to consider the loss of input power in other aspects, such as the conversion of electrical energy into The amount of work in other useless forms.