Zhang Yaqin, the president of Baidu, responded exclusively to reporters during the Boao Forum on the departure of Baidu’s chief scientist, Andrew Ng. Zhang Yaqin said: "The flow of scientific and technological talents is normal. Some people come out to start businesses. Some people finally return to big companies or colleges, and Baidu has been recruiting cutting-edge artificial intelligence talents around the world, such as Lu Qi's participation in the past. Lu Qi It is a leader in technology and business."
Attracting talents of different colors
Zhang Yaqin did not comment on whether Wu Enda’s departure would affect the process of Baidu’s artificial intelligence research, nor did he disclose to reporters who would take over the position of chief scientist. After Wu Enda left, Zhang Yaqin will personally be responsible for the business of two R&D centers in Silicon Valley. At present, Wang Haifeng, vice president of Baidu, has been appointed as the chief executive of the Artificial Intelligence Technology Platform System (AIG). Lin Yuanqing, director of Baidu Deep Lab, will be responsible for the specific operations of the two research centers in Silicon Valley.
Wu Enda joined Baidu in May 2014 as the chief scientist of Baidu and is responsible for the leadership of Baidu Research Institute, especially Baidu Brain Project. The addition of Wu Enda is considered to be the most important figure introduced by Chinese Internet companies and one of the important reasons for Baidu's artificial intelligence to gain international influence. His departure was also the departure of Lu Qi’s third executive since he took office.
However, Zhang Yaqin told reporters that Baidu has recruited the world's top technology talents by setting up R&D centers overseas. Just after Wu Enda announced his departure, Baidu announced the establishment of a second R&D center in Sunnyvale, Silicon Valley. The total size of Silicon Valley R&D personnel will reach 350. Baidu currently has more than 1,300 R&D personnel in China and the United States.
Zhang Yaqin told reporters: "I am very much in favor of Li Yanhong, China has the opportunity to become the leader of global artificial intelligence. Baidu is now setting up a research institute in the United States, establishing a research and development center, and will have a research and development layout in other places in the future. In order to attract more global talents, our artificial intelligence talents may still be dominated by Chinese, Asian or returnees, and researchers, but in the future, we will attract more talents with different skin colors and backgrounds. This is the future trend. ."
Zhang Yaqin acknowledged that research in artificial intelligence and machine learning originated in North America and European countries. "At present, the leading figures in the artificial intelligence industry, including Yann LeCun, head of the Facebook artificial intelligence team, are from North America. Although Chinese scientists have done a lot of work in the recent period, some technologies and products seem to be doing well, but China The artificial intelligence enterprises and scientists are relatively new, and there is still a gap between the level of global scientists and the level of global scientists." Zhang Yaqin told reporters, "Now many media often have a misunderstanding that China's artificial intelligence has surpassed the United States, which is obviously exaggerated. Although we recognize that China's artificial intelligence has a good prospect, we must respect the reality."
Building an open ecosystem
Zhang Yaqin has a very open attitude towards the competition of artificial intelligence in major technology companies at home and abroad. He told reporters: "Many companies' artificial intelligence technology is ahead of China, such as Google and Facebook. Between enterprises and enterprises, sometimes it is competition, sometimes it is cooperation, but there will be more and more cooperation scenarios in the future. This is why Baidu wants to open an artificial intelligence platform and let more companies, including our competitors, use it."
Zhang Yaqin introduced to reporters PaddlePaddle, a deep learning open source platform that Baidu officially opened last year. Baidu has also become another company that will open up artificial intelligence technology after Google, Facebook and IBM. “PaddlePaddle is not only for developers, entrepreneurs, but also for competitors.†Zhang Yaqin said.
PaddlePaddle covers the business and technology of search, image recognition, speech semantic recognition, sentiment analysis, machine translation, user image recommendation and other fields in the deep learning framework. At present, PaddlePaddle has played a role in Baidu's 30 major products and services, such as estimated take-out time for take-out, pre-judgment of network disk failure time points, accurate recommendation of users' information and automatic driving.
Zhang Yaqin believes that artificial intelligence has made great progress in technology and applications in search, voice, face recognition, intelligent customer service, transportation, driverless, education and medical care, but he pointed out the limitations of artificial intelligence. He said that deep learning as the mainstream of artificial intelligence is still "too mechanical" or "animal learning model."
In Zhang Yaqin's view, the neural network has hundreds of billions of parameters. Now the data processing and classification, including how to adjust these parameters, some still need to be based on experience, the machine is difficult to repeat. Zhang Yaqin explained: "At present, all machine learning is more and more complicated. Big data, big parameters and big calculations have basically realized infinite computing power, but if you look at nature, it is very simple, including Quantum physics or chemical biology is actually the most basic principle in nature, but to become artificial intelligence must be a very complex model to be used accurately, so a future trend will certainly be simpler learning, the machine may not need Massive data can also make decisions through deep learning, and algorithms will become simpler."
He also pointed out that human research on artificial intelligence is still at a very early stage, so now talking about the topic of whether artificial intelligence can replace human beings is like discussing whether "there will be traffic jams on Mars." He believes that the possibility of deep learning, the future must be combined with life sciences, human brain science, the breakthrough of artificial intelligence must be the combination of digital intelligence and bio-intelligence. "Convolutional neural networks have received some inspiration," Zhang Yaqin said.
The so-called convolutional neural network is a multi-layered neural network. Microsoft has already achieved the current tens of layers by the 152 layers of the previous layer. Yann LeCun, head of Facebook's artificial intelligence team, is the leader of convolutional neural networks. Zhang Yaqin also said that artificial intelligence has surpassed humans in many fields. "In the next ten years, as long as people can describe and define areas with standard answers, machines can surpass humans." Zhang Yaqin said.
BAT Warfare Artificial Intelligence
The development model that Chinese Internet companies simply rely on the number of users has come to an end, and artificial intelligence has become a new front for BAT competition. Tencent also recently announced a major move into the field of artificial intelligence. The company has formed an artificial intelligence team of more than 250 people, hoping to bring more benefits to its social and gaming platforms.
Zhang Xin, the newly appointed director of Artificial Intelligence Labs, is the vice president of Baidu Research Institute and the head of the Big Data Lab. He has participated in and led the development of several machine learning algorithms and application systems. Zhang Wei is also a special expert in the “Thousand Talents Program†of the Central Organization Department. He holds a bachelor's degree in mathematics and computer science from Cornell University and a master's and doctorate in computer science from Stanford University. Before Baidu and Tencent, Zhang Wei was a professor at the State University of New Jersey, a researcher at the IBM Research Institute, and a research fellow at the Yahoo Research Institute.
Hong Xiaowen, senior vice president of Microsoft and chairman of Microsoft Asia Pacific R&D Group and president of Microsoft Asia Research Institute, told CBN: "The flow of talent is very normal in the booming field. In recent years, the turnover rate of high-tech fields is 25 %, the fierce competition of talents is a sign of an industry's upward trend. For good talents, companies must definitely fight for it, and they want to stay."
After joining Tencent, Zhang Wei said that Tencent is transforming from a product-driven company to a technology-driven company. Tencent has applied artificial intelligence in its hundreds of products, such as personalized recommendation for daily express, mobile QQ art filter, WeChat search and so on. In the future, the company will further use artificial intelligence to train machine players how to defeat human players.
Tencent released a robot similar to Google's DeepMind AlphaGo last year. As of March 20th, the total winning percentage of the game in Tencent's Go game platform reached 76%. In the future, Ma Huateng also hopes to develop smarter software and products with artificial intelligence technology, among which game products are the most likely to be the first to apply artificial intelligence. In addition, Ma Huateng also revealed his interest in artificial intelligence in the driverless car and medical field.
In contrast, Alibaba's association with artificial intelligence is not as direct as Baidu and Tencent. However, Alibaba Cloud's business has been quite large, and many of Alibaba's products are the products of Ali Artificial Intelligence. Earlier this month, Ali launched the "NASA" program, which will form an independent R&D department. Ma Yun also pointed out that Ali will focus on machine learning, chips, Internet of Things, operating systems and biometrics.
Baidu is the earliest bet on artificial intelligence in BAT. Li Yanhong has repeatedly reiterated the goal of “three-year commercial, five-year mass production†for unmanned vehicles. However, the Baidu unmanned vehicle project is not going well. At the end of last year, after two years of cooperation, BMW announced that it would terminate its cooperation with Baidu in autonomous driving, and instead merged with Intel and Mobileye, and announced cooperation with Gaode Map in September last year.
Zhang Yaqin did not comment more on Baidu’s rumors of investing $1 billion in Weilai’s car. Earlier, it was reported that after Baidu’s shareholding in Weilai Automobile, Baidu’s driverless technology would be applied to Weilai’s products. Last year, Baidu's revenue growth slowed to 6%, after the company's revenue growth for many years remained at 35% to 55%. In the past year, Baidu's share price has fallen by nearly 10%.
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