The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to strengthen the application of basic research, expand the implementation of major national science and technology projects, and highlight key common technologies, leading-edge technologies, modern engineering technologies, and disruptive technological innovations. Among them, “disruptive technology†has attracted much attention. What is disruptive technology? What subversive technological innovations in China are in the forefront of the world? What impact will they have on the economic and social development of our country and the world? How do we deal with the tremendous changes brought about by these technological innovations? We’re launching a series of reports starting today that will take you closer to disruptive technology.
Not long ago, the artificial intelligence robot developed by Keda Xunfei, the intelligent assistant of Xunfei, passed the comprehensive written test evaluation of 2017 clinical practitioners with high scores. Reminiscent of the Alpha dog that won the World Go Champion before, all of which triggered a public conjecture on artificial intelligence (AI) technology: Will artificial intelligence "crush" humans? What changes will it bring to human society? Can China enter the forefront of the world in the technological revolution of artificial intelligence?
Around these hot topics, the reporter interviewed relevant experts.
The development prospects of artificial intelligence are limitless, but there is still a long distance from catching up with the human brain.
"Artificial intelligence is not a new topic." Song Jiqiang, president of Intel China Research Institute, said that as early as the 1960s and 1980s, artificial intelligence had two development booms. "The rise of the artificial intelligence boom stems from the breakthrough of algorithms in the academic world - deep learning, a machine learning algorithm using multi-layer neural networks. In 2005 and 2006, there have been some well-established deep learning algorithm applications. In the field of cartographic recognition and large-scale task processing; in 2008, the large image database 'ImageNet' came into being, providing a good foundation for end-to-end training required for deep learning. In 2012, computing power has allowed scientists to two to three Training for larger deep neural networks within a week, which used to take several months of training can even be shortened to within one day."
Song Jiqiang said that since 2012, domestic research institutes and enterprises have made many breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. “China is relatively weak in terms of original innovation algorithms, but is better at rapid iteration and scale, so it can come later. In the two years of international related events, the top three were basically taken over by the Chinese team.â€
"From a technical point of view, artificial intelligence is usually divided into three phases, namely, computational intelligence, perceived intelligence, and cognitive intelligence." Hu Guoping, dean of the University of Science and Technology, said that in terms of computational intelligence, the machine has definitely surpassed humans; Perceptual intelligence is to let the computer "listen to listen (see) can say", now the perceived intelligence can basically compete with people, even surpass humans in special tasks such as medical image reading; cognitive intelligence refers to the understanding, reasoning, and knowledge of knowledge. Application, in the past one or two years, leading artificial intelligence companies at home and abroad are mainly doing research in this area. At present, the ability of machines in reading comprehension is close to human beings.
In this way, will artificial intelligence soon surpass humanity?
The answer given by the experts is no.
"The development prospects of artificial intelligence are indeed limitless, but all science and technology, including artificial intelligence, are non-linear in development and will not move forward quickly along a straight line." Wang Feiyue, vice chairman and secretary general of the China Automation Society, pointed out that Many science and technology will encounter bottlenecks when they develop to a certain extent, and they will stagnate for a long time. This has been illustrated by the history of artificial intelligence.
Wang Feiyue said that so far, there is no universal artificial intelligence technology, and all artificial intelligence applications are limited to specific scenarios, and it is impossible to "take all". "For example, although Go is a high IQ intelligence activity, its rules are simple, fixed, and closed. Human behavior and social life are complex and variable, and it is impossible to generalize and describe it with simple rules. At present, the development stage of artificial intelligence, It is equivalent to the stage where the steam train runs 5 kilometers per hour, and there is still a long distance from catching up with the brain."
"We must recognize the broad prospects of artificial intelligence, but we should not be overly eager, and we should treat it rationally, otherwise the craze will become a cold wave." Song Jiqiang said that the past two wave of artificial intelligence booms are basically "hot five years, cold ten years." "The industry hopes that this wave will last for 30 years, that is, it will continue until around 2045." “If you think of these 30 years as a marathon, artificial intelligence is just starting.â€
Artificial intelligence will replace many jobs, but it will also create many new jobs.
Experts pointed out that the impact of artificial intelligence on human society will be comprehensive and will make our life more and more beautiful.
Artificial intelligence can take on simple and repetitive work. "Now we have developed a voice input method and a Chinese-English translation machine that has been rapidly popularized. Speech recognition technology can convert people's words into words in real time, with an accuracy rate of over 98%." Liu Qingfeng, chairman of the board of directors of Science and Technology, said, "As long as it is simple Repetitive skills, as well as skills that can be learned and trained without the need for talent, artificial intelligence can completely replace humans."
Artificial intelligence can significantly improve human productivity. For example, Song Jiqiang said that relying on manual identification and review of pictures and videos, the workload is very large and the speed is very slow, and now it can be handed over to the machine. It quickly filters out most of the useless information, saving manpower and time. “For example, in foreign applications, the National Center for Missing and Persecuted Children (NCMEC) showed that in 2016, there were 8.2 million reports related to image abuse, online temptation, trafficking and harassment. Based on Intel's AI technology, The center can quickly scan websites with suspicious content, quickly query and share data, and the processing report turnaround time can be shortened to 1 to 2 days in the past 30 days. For children who are missing and persecuted, this saves more than 20 Heaven is just a lifetime."
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